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Sheath blight (ShB) of rice is an important soil-borne fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn) causing up to 40 per cent of yield losses annually. The present investigation was aimed to study the effect of Fluorescent pseudomonads on sheath blight management in rice and impact on plant growth. Fifteen different pseudomonad isolates were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani isolates under in vitro condition. Per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of R. solani by pseudomonads ranged from 74-100. All the isolates showed antagonism against the pathogen. Five strains, 12, 20, 19, soy2 and soy6 were found potent with 87-100 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth. They were further evaluated in greenhouse as seed treatment, soil application, foliar spraying and combined (seed+soil+foliar application) treatment for sheath blight control. Fluorescent pseudomonad isolate 19 was found potent and promising as it reduced the disease to the maximum extent and stimulated plant and ischolar_main growth.

Keywords

Rice, Rhizoctonia solani, Sheath Blight, Fluorescent Pseudomonads, Biocontrol.

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References

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Traditional Landraces of Rice for Blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) Resistance and Analysis of Biochemical Components Involved in Disease Reaction

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Authors

H. M. Sowmya ¹, S. K. Prashanthi ², Yashoda R. Hegde ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Source

Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 9, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 261-266

Abstract

Rice blast disease is the major biotic threat to rice production and the pathogen Magnoporthe oryzae is highly genetically diverse. Rice germplasm are the important reservoirs of valuable traits possessing specialty uses and tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study was aimed to evaluate the collected landraces of rice against blast and to understand the biochemical changes in landraces in response to blast infection. Field evaluation of 186 rice landraces collected from Karnataka state, along with improved lines resulted in identification of land races with consistent resistance to blast. The key biochemical factors involved in disease reaction, Phenol, orthodihydroxy phenol, protein and enzyme PAL at different crop growth stages was studied. Total phenol, OD phenol and PAL accumulation and increase were rapid and more in resistant landraces as well as in improved lines due to blast infection. Landrace Beesginsali, Siddasala and Casebatta showed highly resistant reaction with disease grade either 1 or 0 and lesion type A or B. Enhancement of defense responsive biochemical components was quick and more in these landraces. These resistant landraces may serve as source of novel allele/genes to blast for future study.

Keywords

Rice, Landraces, Blast, Resistance, Biochemical Factors

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